Associations, Authorities, Organizations, & Publications…
SABE – “The 1980 Sino-American Botanical Expedition (SABE) was the first trip by American botanists to China since the Chinese Revolution, signaling renewed cooperation among scientists in both countries. The Arnold Arboretum – one of five American institutions on the expedition – was represented by taxonomist Stephen A. Spongberg. The other American institutions represented were the University of California-Berkeley, the Carnegie Museum of Natural History, the United States National Arboretum, and the New York Botanical Garden. The Americans joined their Chinese colleagues from the Institute of Botany, Beijing; the Jiangsu Institute of Botany, Nanjing; the Wuhan Institute of Botany; and the Kunming Institute of Botany.” (from the Plant Exploration section of the Arnold Arboretum website, which-see for more detail, 2018)
SAES – “State agricultural experiment stations (SAES) — The Hatch Act of 1887 authorized the establishment of an agricultural experiment station, to be affiliated with the land grant college of agriculture, in each state (7 U.S.C. 361a et seq.). Research done at these stations underpins the curriculum of the colleges, as well as the programs of the Cooperative Extension System.” (Womach, 2005)
SAF – “The mission of the Society of American Foresters is to advance sustainable management of forest resources through science, education, and technology; to enhance the competency of its members; to establish professional excellence; and to use our knowledge, skills, and conservation ethic to ensure the continued health, integrity, and use of forests to benefit society in perpetuity.”
SAF – “The Society of American Florists has been representing and supporting the floral industry since 1884. Our membership base, which exceeds 6, 000, is comprised of participants from all comers of the industry. Our members are retail florists, flower growers, floral wholesalers and suppliers, importers, event-only florists, floral educators and students. We offer each of our membership segments unique tools and opportunities that empower them to grow their businesses.”
SAFV – “The Argentine Society of Plant Physiology (Spanish: Sociedad Argentina de Fisiología Vegetal; SAFV) represents plant scientists in Argentina.” (GPC)
SAPS – “Science and Plants for Schools (SAPS) creates opportunities for teachers and students to find out more about plants and to become more interested in plant science. ¶We believe young people should understand the importance of plants in the world and be aware of the relevance of plant science to modern life. Plants not only create the atmosphere we need to breathe, but form the basis of the food we eat, the fuel we use to live and work, the clothes we wear, and many of the medicines we use. They are also fascinating organisms that have developed some beautiful and canny ways to survive in the world. Plant scientists are working at the very forefront of biology today, investigating how to create sustainable food and fuel supplies for the global population, protect biodiversity for future generations, and deepen knowledge of how living organisms have evolved and develop. For today’s research to have impact, we need to ensure that we inspire the next generation of plant scientists to continue this work and develop new ideas. ¶We know that good teachers can bring plant science alive and we want to help them. We are doing this by working with curriculum developers, producing useful teaching resources, enabling teachers to share ideas through our website, and encouraging plant scientists to get involved in education and outreach. ¶Science and Plants for Schools has been core-funded by the Gatsby Charitable Foundation since it began in 1990 and our reputation has been built by the many talented and committed people who have been involved with our projects since then. We continue to encourage those with interest in our work to suggest projects and join us in partnerships. We work closely with other organisations in the biology community, we consult with teachers to make sure our work is what they need, and we talk to scientists to ensure we know what is going on in plant science today.”
SARA – Canada: “The purposes of the Species at Risk Act (SARA) are to prevent wildlife species in Canada from disappearing, to provide for the recovery of wildlife species that are extirpated (no longer exist in the wild in Canada), endangered, or threatened as a result of human activity, and to manage species of special concern to prevent them from becoming endangered or threatened. A series of measures applicable across Canada provides the means to accomplish these goals. Some of these measures establish how governments, organizations, and individuals in Canada work together, while others implement a species assessment process to ensure the protection and recovery of species. Some measures provide for sanctions for offenses under SARA.”
SCNPS – “The South Carolina Native Plant Society was founded in March of 1996 by a diverse group of folks interested in promoting the awareness and education of native plant species and their importance in the South Carolina landscape and history.”
SCPV – “The Canadian Society of Plant Biologists (CSPB) (French: Societé Canadienne de Biologie Végétale; SCBV) provides a forum for plant scientists in Canada to meet and discuss not only the latest scientific developments in the field, but also the political, social and financial issues that we all face as we develop our research and/or teaching careers.” (GPC website)
SCS – “Soil Conservation Service (SCS) — Replaced by a new USDA agency, the Natural Resources Conservation Service after USDA reorganization in 1994. Responsibilities include carrying out technical assistance programs in cooperation with soil conservation districts to improve and conserve soil and water resources, and operating related programs such as the national soil survey and the natural resources inventory.” (Womach, 2005)
SEB – “The Society for Economic Botany (SEB) is about people exploring the uses of, and our relationship with plants, cultures and our environment—plants and humane affairs. You might well call our research and educational efforts, the science of survival.
We were established in 1959 and our mission is to foster and encourage scientific research, education, and related activities on the past, present, and future uses of plants, and the relationship between plants and people, and to make the results of such research available to the scientific community and the general public through meetings and publications.”
SEB includes: Society for Ethnobotanists: “Ethnobotany has attracted worldwide attraction during the last six decades and has established the close linkages between many subjects like: botany, medicinal plants, pharmacology, agriculture and the drug research. For the promotion of multifarious potentiality and prospects of ethnobotany an international scientific body, The Society of Ethnobotanists was formed during 1980 under the president ship of Dr. S.K. Jain, the then Director, Botanical Survey of India, Kolkata.”
SEB – Society for Experimental Biology. “‘We encourage the cross-fertilisation of ideas and disciplines. We support new ideas, innovation and bold leaps in thinking. We ensure that experimentation is at the heart of biology.’ The Plant Section promotes the development and communication of research in plant biology. Our journals encourage rapid publication of high-quality research and every year the SEB organises international conferences covering diverse areas of modern plant science. Interest Groups: An interest group is simply a theme to represent the interests of SEB members. The Plant Section has a number of special interest groups covering different areas of plant biology that you are welcome to join. But these boundaries are not fixed scientifically and the groups share scientific events and interests.” The Plant Section publishes The Plant Journal.
SEFV – “The Spanish Society of Plant Physiology (Spanish: Sociedad Española de Fisiología Vegetal; SEFV) is a scientific society that brings together all those professionals who try to answer the question of how plant organisms work together, and how the organs, tissues, cells, organelles, genes, molecules of plant origin, both work isolated and in interaction with their natural environment. The SEFV was established as a Scientific Society in 1974. It currently has approximately 600 members spread across the different groups available to society.” (GPC website)
SER – “Founded in 1987, the Society for Ecological Restoration is a global community of restoration professionals that includes researchers, practitioners, decision-makers, and community leaders from Africa, Asia, Australia/New Zealand, Europe, and the Americas. SER members are actively engaged in the ecologically sensitive repair and recovery of degraded ecosystems utilizing a broad array of experiences, knowledge sets, and cultural perspectives.”
SHRB – Shasta Horticultural Resource Bulletin: “A resource for Northern California Gardeners.”
SIBA – Sistema de Información Botánica Andina (See ABIS)
SNA – “As a regional association, Southern Nursery Association works to advance the horticulture industry in the Southeast by supporting and enhancing educational, commercial and research opportunities, and by gathering, analyzing and disseminating information to our members, the state associations within our region, and the industry. If you are not a member, we invite you to join the Southern Nursery Association today!”
SOAP – “Sunflower Oil Assistance Program — Along with the Cottonseed Oil Assistance Program (COAP), SOAP was one of two programs that awarded bonuses to exporters of U.S. vegetable oil to assist with exports to targeted markets. SOAP was authorized beginning in FY1988 with funds made available under Section 32 of the Agricultural Adjustment Act Amendment of 1935 (P.L. 74-320) The provision in the Disaster Assistance Act of 1988 (P.L. 100-387), which had authorized SOAP, expired at the end of FY1995 and was not extended in the 1996 farm bill (P.L. 104-127). However, the USDA appropriations act for FY 1996 (P.L.104-37 )provided authority to operate th eprogram in FY 1996. Export subsidies for sunflower oil can be financed under the Export Enhancement Program (EEP).” (Womach, 2005)
SoE – “The Society of Ethnobiology (SoE) is a nonprofit professional organization established in 1977 to promote and perpetuate the interdisciplinary study of the relationships of plants and animals with human cultures worldwide, including past and present relationships between peoples and the environment. The Society integrates scientific research with education and with public priorities at regional, national, and international levels.”
SPPS – “The mission of Societas Physiologiae Plantarum Scandinavicais is to promote plant science in the Nordic countries. SPPS was founded in 1947. ,Celebrating that we turn 70 we ask for creative ideas on how plant science could best be promoted. The task is to convince the public and decision-makers that what we do is not only fun but also important.”
SPRB – (India) “The primary objective of the Society of Plant Reproductive Biologists is to provide a forum to various workers in the field of plant reproductive biology to express their views in the annual conferences organized and The International Journal of Plant Reproductive biologists published by the society. The society aims at the following: 1. To promote research in the field of plant reproductive biology; 2. To encourage the workers in the field of plant reproductive biology of all the groups of plants to express their views in the conferences organized by the society ; 3. To encourage the researchers in the field of plant reproductive biology of all the groups of plants to publish their work in the peer reviewed journal of the society published twice a year (IJPRB – the International Journal of Plant Reproductive Biology).”
SPS – “Sanitary and phytosanitary (SPS) measures and agreements — Measures to protect humans, animals, and plants from diseases, pests, or contaminants. The Agreement on the Application of Sanitary and Phytosanitary Measures is one of the final documents approved at the conclusion of the Uruguay Round of the Multilateral Trade Negotiations. It applies to all sanitary (relating to animals) and phytosanitary (relating to plants) (SPS) measures that may have a direct or indirect impact on international trade. The SPS agreement includes a series of understandings (trade disciplines) on how SPS measures will be established and used by countries when they establish, revise, or apply their domestic laws and regulations. Countries agree to base their SPS standards on science, and as guidance for their actions, the agreement encourages countries to use standards set by international standard setting organizations. The SPS agreement seeks to ensure that SPS measures will not arbitrarily or unjustifiably discriminate against trade of certain other members nor be used to disguise trade restrictions. In this SPS agreement, countries maintain the sovereign right to provide the level of health protection they deem appropriate, but agree that this right will not be misused for protectionist purposes nor result in unnecessary trade barriers. A rule of equivalency rather than equality applies to the use of SPS measures.” (Womach, 2005)
SSE – “Seed Savers Exchange is a tax-exempt 501(c)3 nonprofit organization dedicated to the preservation of heirloom seeds.” (Assigned Acronym, not used by Seed Savers Exchange)
SSSA – “The Soil Science Society of America (SSSA), is the largest soil-specific society in the United States.[1] It was formed in 1936 from the merger of the Soils Section of the American Society of Agronomy and the American Soil Survey Association. The Soils Section of ASA became the official Americas section of the International Union of Soil Sciences in 1934, a notable role which SSSA continues to fulfill.” (Wikipedia)
SSSAJ – The Soil Science Society of America Journal.
STRI – Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute. A Panama-based collaborative tropical research program, with research centered on Barro Colorado Island, Panama.
SUA – “The Sweetener Users Association (SUA) represents American food and beverage manufacturers who use sugar to make the products U.S. consumers know and love – from sweet treats to everyday staples like bread, pasta sauce, yogurt and peanut butter. SUA members employ hundreds of thousands of Americans across the United States – from bakers and confectioners to food scientists and factory workers. SUA advocates for legislative and regulatory reforms that will make U.S. sugar policy more market-oriented, both domestically and internationally, so that consumers aren’t forced to pay high prices that result from government subsidies. SUA believes in less government intrusion into the marketplace and in sugar and trade policies that protect American workers, manufacturers and consumers.”
Description, Structure, Classification, Ecology, Cultivation….
- ampl., S. lat., S. str. – typically used in taxonomic discussion, these abbreviate sensu amplo, sensu lato, and sensu stricto – which signify “in the most encompassing sense”, ‘in the broadest sense’, and ‘in the strictest sense’.
- ann. – sine anno, year unknown
s. coll. – sine collectore, collector unknown
SAV – Submerged Aquatic Vegetation
Segm., segms. – Abbreviation of Segment, used in descriptions referencing divisions or segments to a plant organ.
SEM – Scanning Electron Microscope [See TimeLine, 1927]
SLAM – Sanitation, Loading, Aeration, and Monitoring – Four cautions for storage of grains in elevators
SOM – Soil Organic Matter
Sp., spp. – Species, singular and plural
Ssp., sspp – Subspecies, singular and plural
SSS – Spatial Segregation of Sexes. See Schmidt, John P., 2008. Sex ratio and spatial pattern of males and females in the dioecious sandhill shrub Ceratiola ericoides ericoides (Empetraceae) Michx., Ecology 196: 281-288.
Genes, Control, Molecules, & Pathways…
S – element – Sulphur
S – 1-letter symbol for the amino acid Serine
S-alleles, S-gene, S-genotype, S-glycoprotein, S-loci S-ribonuclease –
S- phase
Sa – for Sinapsis alba, used as prefix for genes, i.e. SaMADSA.
SA – hormone – Salicylic Acid
SAR – Systematic Acquired Resistance
SBA – Soybean (Glycine max) agglutinin
Sc – Saccharum officinarum, as referenced in citations of genes, proteins, etc., i.e. ScMYBAS1
SCR –
SEPALLATA – gene –
Ser – abbreviation for the amino acid Serine
SHAGGY –
Si – element – Silicon
SINES
SKOR
SLF
SLOWWALKER – gene
SNA – Sambucus nigra agglutinin – a lectin
SOC1/SOC1 – SUPPRESSOR OF OVEREXPRESSION OF CONSTANS – a gene and protein involved in flowering, through impacting activity of the LEAFY gene. (Singer, 2018) See also: http://www.plant-biology.com/Arabidopsis-flowering-time-gene-SOC1.php
SOD
SPOROCYTELESS (SPL) – gene
SQUAMOSA
SRK
SRP
START
STEMLESS (STM) –
sugary – genetic
SOC (SUPPRESSOR OF OVEREXPRESSION CONSTANS) – gene –
SULFUREA (SULF) – a gene that controls aurone pigmentation (see The Genus Antirrhinum (Snapdragon) A Flowering Plant Model for Evolution and Development, Andrew Hudson, Joanna Critchley, and Yvette Erasmus – http://www.cshprotocols.org/emo)
SUS
SWEET – the SWEET9 protein is involved in production of nectars (Singer, 2018)
Kew Plant Family Abbreviations:
SAB – Sabiaceae – dicot
SAB – Sambucaceae – dicot
SAC* – Saccifoliaceae – dicot
SAL – Salicaceae – dicot
SAM – Samydaceae – dicot
SAN – Santalaceae – dicot
SAP – Sapindaceae – dicot
SAR – Sarraceniaceae – dicot
SAR – Sarcobataceae – dicot**
SAX – Saxifragaceae – dicot
SCH – Schlegeliaceae – dicot**
SCR – Scrophulariaceae – dicot
SCS – Schisandraceae – dicot
SCT – Scytopetalaceae – dicot
SCZ – Schizaeaceae – pteridophyte
SEL – Selaginellaceae – pteridophyte
SEP – Streptochaetaceae – monocot
SET – Setchellanthaceae – dicot**
SGL – Spigeliaceae – dicot
SGN – Stilaginaceae – dicot
SIN – Sinopteridaceae – pteridophyte
SIP – Siparunaceae – dicot
SLB – Stylobasiaceae – dicot
SLC – Stylocerataceae – dicot
SLD – Sladeniaceae – dicot
SLG – Selaginaceae – dicot
SLV – Salvadoraceae – dicot
SML – Smilacaceae – monocot
SMM – Simmondsiaceae – dicot
SMR – Simaroubaceae – dicot
SNC – Saniculaceae – dicot
SNG – Stangeriaceae – pteridophyte
SNN – Sonneratiaceae – dicot
SOL – Solanaceae – dicot
SPC – Sphenocleaceae – dicot
SPD – Siphonodontaceae – dicot
SPF – Schoepfiaceae – dicot
SPG – Sparganiaceae – monocot
SPI – Spiraeaceae – dicot
SPS – Sphaerosepalaceae – dicot
SPT – Sapotaceae – dicot
SPT* – Sphenostemonaceae – dicot
SRA – Saurauiaceae – dicot
SRC – Sarcolaenaceae – dicot
SRG – Sargentodoxaceae – dicot
SRM – Symphoremataceae – dicot
SRR – Saururaceae – dicot
SRS – Sarcospermataceae – dicot*
SRY – Strychnaceae – dicot
SRZ – Strelitziaceae – monocot
SST – Scyphostegiaceae – dicot
STC – Stachyuraceae – dicot
STE* – Stegnospermataceae – dicot
STK – Stackhousiaceae – dicot
STL – Stilbaceae – dicot
STM – Stemonaceae – monocot
STN – Stenomeridaceae – monocot
STP – Staphyleaceae – dicot
STR – Sterculiaceae – dicot
STR – Strasburgeriaceae – dicot**
STT – Stromatopteridaceae – pteridophyte
STY – Styracaceae – dicot
SUR – Surianaceae – dicot
SVN – Salviniaceae – pteridophyte
SYD – Stylidiaceae – dicot
SYM – Symplocaceae – dicot
SZR – Scheuchzeriaceae – monocot
Herbaria..
S – Swedish Museum of Natural History (Naturhistoriska riksmuseet), Stockholm, Sweden
SACL – Santa Clara University Herbarium, Santa Clara, California
SACT – California State University Herbarium, California State University, Sacramento, California
SAL – Kansas Wesleyan University Herbarium, Salina, Kansas
SALA – Universidad de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
SAN – Forest Research Center, Sandakan, Sabah, Malaysia
SANT – Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Galicia, Spain
SAP – Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
SAPCL – St. Andrews Presbyterian College Herbarium, Laurinburg, North Carolina
SAR – Sarawak Herbarium, Kuching, Sarawak, Malaysia
SARA – Zemaljski Muzej Bosne I. Herzegovine, Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina
SARC – Roanoke College Herbarium, Salem, Virginia
SASK – W.P. Fraser Herbarium, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan
SAT – Angelo State University Herbarium, San Angelo, Texas
SAWV – Salem International University Herbarium, Salem, West Virginia
SBBG – Santa Barbara Botanic Garden Herbarium, Santa Barbara, California
SBCC – Santa Barbara City College Herbarium, Santa Barbara, California
SBM – Santa Barbara Museum of Natural History Herbarium, Santa Barbara, California
SBSC – Robert A. Vines Environmental Science Center Herbarium, Houston, Texas
SBU – Saint Bonaventure University Herbarium, Saint Bonaventure University, Saint Bonaventure, New York
SC – Salem College Herbarium, Winston-Salem, North Carolina
SCHN – Smith College Herbarium, Northampton, Massachusetts
SCL – St. Cloud State University Herbarium, St. Cloud, Minnesota
SCZ, STRI – Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Balboa, Panama
SD – San Diego Natural History Museum Herbarium, San Diego, California
SDC – South Dakota State University Herbarium, Brookings, South Dakota
SDM – San Diego Mesa College Herbarium, San Diego, California
SDSU – San Diego State University Herbarium, San Diego, California
SEL – Marie Selby Botanical Gardens Herbarium, Sarasota, Florida
SELU – Southeastern Louisiana University Herbarium, Hammond, Louisiana
SEMO – Southeast Missouri State University Herbarium, Cape Girardeau, Missouri
SEV – Universitat de Sevilla, Seville, Spain
SFRP – Southern Forest Range Program Herbarium Southern Research Station, Pineville, Louisiana
SFSU – Harry D. Thiers Herbarium, San Francisco State University, San Francisco, California
SFV – California State University Herbarium, California State University, Northridge, California
SGO – Museo Nacional de Historia Natural, Santiago, Chile
SHIN – Shinshu University, Matsumoto, Nagano Prefecture, Japan
SHOR – Shorter University Herbarium, Rome, Georgia
SHST – S. R. Warner Herbarium, Sam Houston State University, Huntsville, Texas
SHTC California State University Stanislaus Herbarium Turlock California
SI – Instituto de Botánica Darwinion, Buenos Aires, Argentina
SICH Simpson College Herbarium Indianola Iowa
SIENA – Università di Siena, Siena, Italy
SIM Staten Island Institute of Arts and Sciences Herbarium, Staten Island, New York
SING – Singapore Botanic Gardens, Singapore
SIU – Southern Illinois University Herbarium, Carbondale Illinois
SJFM – Fairbanks Museum and Planetarium Herbarium, St. Johnsbury, Vermont
SJNM – San Juan College Herbarium Farmington New Mexico
SJSU Carl Sharsmith Herbarium, San Jose State University, San Jose, California
SLBI – South London Botanical Institute, London, England, UK
SLC – East High School Herbarium, Salt Lake City, Utah
SLRO – Slippery Rock University Herbarium, Slippery Rock, Pennsylvania
SM – Chongqing Municipal Academy of Chinese Materia Medica, Chongqing, Sichuan, People’s Republic of China
SMCW – Saint Michael’s College Herbarium, Winooski, Vermont
SMH Saint Meinrad College of Liberal Arts Herbarium Saint Meinrad Indiana
SMS – Ozarks Regional Herbarium, Missouri State University, Springfield, Missouri
SMU – Botanical Research Institute of Texas Herbarium, Fort Worth, Texas
SNC – Heraly MacDonald Herbarium, St. Norbert College, De Pere, Wisconsin
SNU – Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
SO – Herbarium pf Sofia University, Sofia, Bulgaria
SOA – Agricultural University, Plovdiv (Аграрен университет – Пловдив), Plovdiv, Bulgaria
SOC – Southern Oregon University Herbarium, Ashland, Oregon
SOM – Herbarium of the Bulgarian Academy of Science, Bulgaria
SOTO – College of the Ozarks Herbarium, Point Lookout, Missouri
SOUT – Long Island University Herbarium, Southampton, New York
SP – Instituto de Botânica, Sâo Paulo, Brasil
SPC – Seattle Pacific University Herbarium, Seattle, Washington
SPF – Universidade de Sâo Paulo Sâo Paulo, Brasil
SPH – Fox Research Forest Herbarium, Hillsborough, New Hampshire
SPLT – South Plains College Herbarium, Levelland, Texas
SPR – Luman Andrews Herbarium. Springfield Science Museum, Springfield, Massachusetts
SPWH – Marine Biological Laboratory Herbarium, Woods Hole, Massachusetts
SRCG – Baylor University Herbarium, Gruver, Texas
SRGH – Zimbabwe National Herbarium, Harare, Zimbabwe
SRP – Boise State University Herbarium, Boise, Idaho
SRSC – Sul Ross State University Herbarium, Alpine, Texas
SS – Università di Sassari, Sassari, Sardinia, Italy
SSJC – San Joaquin County Herbarium, Stockton, California
SSLP – Rocky Mountain Research Station Herbarium, Provo, Utah
STAR – Arkansas State University Herbarium, State University, Arkansas
STPE – Florida Marine Research Institute Herbarium, St. Petersburg, Florida
STR – Institut de Botanique, Strasbourg, France
STU – Staatliches Museum für Naturkunde, Stuttgart, Germany
SUCO – SUNY Oneonta Herbarium, Oneonta, New York
SUHC – Charles O. Wingo, Jr. Herbarium, Salisbury University, Salisbury, Maryland
SUU – Southern Utah University, Cedar Cit,y Utah
SUVA – University of the South Pacific, Suva, Fiji
SWC – Swarthmore College Herbarium, Swarthmore, Pennsylvania
SWF – Naples Botanical Garden Herbarium, Naples, Florida
SWFC – Southwest Forestry College, Kunming, Yunnan, People’s Republic of China
SWMT – Rhodes College Herbarium, Memphis, Tennessee
SWT – Southwest Texas State University Herbarium, San Marcos, Texas
SYKO – Komi Scientific Centre, Academy of Sciences, Ural Department, Syktyvkar, Komi Republic
SYR – Syracuse University Herbarium, Syracuse, New York
SYRF – College of Environmental Science and Forestry Herbarium, SUNY Syracuse, New York
SYS – Zhongshan (Sun Yatsen) University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People’s Republic of China
SZ – Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, People’s Republic of China
SZB – Haus der Natur, Salzburg, Austria
SZU – University of Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria
Link to this Page: https://botanyincontext.com/acronyms-abbreviations-s/