ACRONYMS & Abbreviations – P

Associations, Authorities, Organizations, & Publications…

PA – “PlantAmnesty, established in 1987, is a 1000-member mock-militant nonprofit organization whose mission is to end the senseless torture and mutilation of trees and shrubs caused by mal-pruning.   ¶We have a sense of humor and a mission.  We specialize in using the media to alert the public to crimes against nature being committed in their own back yards, specifically tree topping and the nuisance shearing of shrubs. Once we have the public’s attention, we supply all the solutions: a referral service of skilled gardeners and arborists, classes and workshops, and YouTube videos and how-to literature on selective pruning in English and in Spanish. And we host volunteer pruning events for needy and deserving trees and gardens, including the Arbor Day Tree Prune and Volunteer Yard Renovations.For our work on pruning reform we have won several awards including three Gold Leaf Awards from the International Society of Arboriculture, the Arbor Day Foundation’s Education Award, and Washington State’s Urban Forest Stewardship Award.” (Assigned acronym, PlantAmnesty does not use PA)

PAGS – The Pelargonium and Geranium Society: “Formed in 2009, Membership of the Society is open to amateur and professional gardeners, specialist trade growers, nurserymen, and anyone with an interest in Pelargoniums and Geraniums.  Members receive four times a year a copy of the Society Magazine ‘Pelargonium & Geranium News’.  (see also The Geraniaceae Group).

PC – “Plant Canada aims to organize and sponsor regular, effective scientific meetings and workshops under a national umbrella for plant science and related disciplines in Canada; to operate and maintain a strong communication network among member societies and their individual members; and to be a strong and effective force for public education and advocacy in plant and related sciences.” (from the GPC website)”

PCA – “The Plant Conservation Alliance (PCA) is a consortium of ten federal government Member agencies and 285 non-federal Cooperators representing various disciplines within the conservation field (including biologists, botanists, habitat preservationists, horticulturists, resources management consultants, soil scientists, special interest clubs, non-profit organizations, concerned citizens, nature lovers, and gardeners). The PCA aims to work collectively to solve the problems of native plant extinction and native habitat restoration.” (See BGCI)

PDP – “Pesticide Data Program (PDP) — A program initiated in 1991 by the Agricultural Marketing Service to collect pesticide residue data on selected food commodities, primarily fruits and vegetables. PDP data are used by the EPA to support its dietary risk assessment process and pesticide registration process, by the Food and Drug Administration to refine sampling for enforcement of tolerances; by the Foreign Agricultural Service, to support export of U.S. commodities in a competitive global market; by the Economic Research Service to evaluate pesticide alternatives; and by the public sector to address food safety issues.” (Womach, 2005)

PDP – “Potato Diversion Program — A USDA program under which farmers are paid to divert potatoes to charitable institutions, livestock feed, ethanol production, and/or render them nonmarketable and destroyed. The most recent program was for 2000 crop fresh russet potatoes with expenditures limited to $10.25 million. There also was a 1997 program to divert fresh Irish round white and russet potatoes to charitable institutions or for use as livestock feed. The program is administered by the Agricultural Marketing Service and implemented in the field by the Farm Service Agency. The objective of PDP is to reduce supplies and raise farm prices.” (Womach, 2005)

PEB – The Australian Research Council (ARC) Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology (PEB) is a cutting edge research center focused on better understanding the way in which plants interconvert forms of chemical energy in response to environmental change.” (GPC website)

PFAF – “Plants For A Future (PFAF) is a charitable company, originally set up to support the work of Ken and Addy Fern on their experimental site in Cornwall, where they carried out research and provided information on edible and otherwise useful plants suitable for growing outdoors in a temperate climate. Over time they planted 1500 species of edible plants on ‘The Field’ in Cornwall, which was their base since 1989. Ken also compiled a database of around 7000 species of plants.

Before 2005, PFAF-Cornwall was supported by a group of vegan activists and the group raised money to purchase a second site in North Devon with the aim of establishing an ecovillage. Both PFAF sites: Cornwall and North Devon, failed to gain planning permission for building or living on the sites, and there was a crisis in 2005 which almost brought PFAF to an end. At that point the PFAF-North Devon site was sold and the PFAF charity separated from PFAF-Cornwall and continued to make the PFAF database available, and develop it further as a freely available information resource. The PFAF charity (based in Devon) has no operational links with PFAF-Cornwall.”

PGR – Plant Gene Registry – a self-policing free for all….  See GenBank, NIH: “GenBank ® is the NIH genetic sequence database, an annotated collection of all publicly available DNA sequences (Nucleic Acids Research, 2013 Jan;41(D1):D36-42). GenBank is part of the International Nucleotide Sequence Database Collaboration, which comprises the DNA DataBank of Japan (DDBJ), the European Nucleotide Archive (ENA), and GenBank at NCBI. These three organizations exchange data on a daily basis… The GenBank database is designed to provide and encourage access within the scientific community to the most up-to-date and comprehensive DNA sequence information. Therefore, NCBI places no restrictions on the use or distribution of the GenBank data. However, some submitters may claim patent, copyright, or other intellectual property rights in all or a portion of the data they have submitted. NCBI is not in a position to assess the validity of such claims, and therefore cannot provide comment or unrestricted permission concerning the use, copying, or distribution of the information contained in GenBank.”

PIFON – “The Pacific Island Farmers Organisation Network (PIFON) serves as an umbrella organisation for national farmer organizations in the Pacific island region. It is based in Nadi, Fiji and has membership of organisations from the Cook Islands, Fiji, Tonga, Samoa, Solomon Islands and Vanuatu, as well as a Melanesian regional organisation. Although operating informally since 2009, its first formal foundation meeting was held in April 2013 in Nadi, when 13 organisations were represented and PIFON became operational as a legal entity in its own right.  PIFON was established to provide support to the small national farmer organisations in the region through coordinating capacity building, sharing success stories, and supporting regional exchanges of expertise, thus potentially enabling smallholder farmers to play an important role in agricultural value chains.  The founder members noted that while farmer organisations had in the past depended on a high level of donor support, this support had often been sporadic. Moreover, because of their limited resources the organisations had been unable to clearly articulate their needs. It was therefore considered important to develop business activities to promote farmer organisation sustainability, while not detracting from their core values and objectives.”  (Wikipedia, 2018)

PINE – Plant Identifier New England

PNAS – “Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences – one of the world’s most-cited and comprehensive multidisciplinary scientific journals, publishing more than 3,800 research papers annually. The journal’s content spans the biological, physical, and social sciences and is global in scope.”

PNPS – “The Pennsylvania Native Plant Society had a beginning in 1979, when, through initiatives of the US Fish and Wildlife Service, the Western Pennsylvania Conservancy, and the Pennsylvania Legislature, a movement was begun to recognize the rare and endangered plants of Pennsylvania and to set up organized efforts to produce a list of such plants and implement legislation for their study and protection.  The Pennsylvania Native Plants Society advocates conservation of native plants and their habitats and promotes the increased use of native plants in the landscape.”

PPA – “The Plant Protection Act (PPA) (part of Pub.L. 106–224) is a US statute relating to plant pests and noxious weeds introduced in 2000. It is currently codified at 7 U.S.C. 7701 et seq. It consolidates related responsibilities that were previously spread over various legislative statutes, including the Plant Quarantine Act, the Federal Plant Pest Act and the Federal Noxious Weed Act of 1974.” (quoted from Wikipedia, 2018)

PPPO – Pacific Plant Protection Organization

PPS – Plant Protection Science: “An international peer-reviewed journal published under the auspices of the Czech Academy of Agricultural Sciences and financed by the Ministry of Agriculture of the Czech Republic. Founded 1921”

PRM – “Pest resistance management (PRM) plans — To protect the continued use of biopesticides, the EPA is requiring companies developing transgenic crops (see Genetic engineering) to submit and implement pest resistance management (PRM) plans as a requirement of product registration. If they are exposed to a toxin excessively, most insect populations can develop resistance, making pest control products less effective. With new biopesticide technologies comes the concern that pests will rapidly develop resistance to natural insecticides, because plant pesticides tend to produce the pesticidal active ingredient throughout a growing season, increasing the selection pressure upon both the target pests and any other susceptible insects feeding on the transformed crop. A resistance management plan is intended to sustain the useful life of transgenic technology and well as the utility of the toxin for organic farmers.” (Womach, 2005)

PROLINNOVA – Promoting Local Innovation: “VISION:  A world where women and men farmers play decisive roles in agricultural research and development for sustainable livelihoods.  Prolinnova is an NGO-initiated international multi-stakeholder platform to promote local innovation processes in ecologically oriented agriculture and NRM. It focuses on recognising the dynamics of indigenous knowledge (IK) and enhancing capacities of farmers (including pastoralists, fishers and forest dwellers) to adjust to change – to develop their own site-appropriate systems and institutions of resource management so as to gain food security, sustain their livelihoods and safeguard the environment. The essence of sustainability lies in the capacity to adapt.”

PSA- The Plumeria Society of America: “furthering society’s knowledge of plumeria since 1979”

Description, Structure, Classification, Ecology, Cultivation….

PCOFGS – “Perry Como ordered fresh green salad”, which is to say: Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus, Species.

PLFA –    “Phospholipid Fatty Acid Analysis – PLFA analysis is a widely-used technique for estimation of the total biomass and to observe broad changes in the soil microbiota composition. Multiple different Gas Chromatography (GC) and Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectroscopy (GC-MS) methods and instrument types have been used to determine PLFA profiles. However, most of this analysis is performed manually, time consuming and potentially error-prone.”  http://midi-inc.com/pages/plfa.html

prim. – primo, at the beginning of a time period (early in the year)

Prodr. (DC.) The standard abbreviation for de Candolle’s Prodromus Systematis Naturalis Regni Vegetabilis, 

PRS® – “Plant Root Simulator (PRS®) probes are ion exchange resin membranes held in plastic supports that are easily inserted into soil to measure ion supply in situ with minimal disturbance.“ https://www.westernag.ca/innovations/technology/basics

PSAMMENT – soil classification – A kind of entisol

PZ – the Peripheral Zone surrounding a point meristem, the zone in which organogenesis occurs.

Kew Plant Family Abbreviations:

PAE – Paeoniaceae – dicot

PAL – Palmae – monocot

PAP – Papaveraceae – dicot

PAR – Parnassiaceae – dicot

PAS – Passifloraceae – dicot

PAU** – Paulowniaceae – dicot

PCL – Phyllocladaceae – gymnosperm

PCP – Paracryphiaceae – dicot

PCR – Picrodendraceae – dicot

PDA – Pandaceae – dicot

PDC – Podocarpaceae – gymnosperm

PDP – Podophyllaceae – dicot

PDS – Podostemaceae – dicot

PED – Pedaliaceae – dicot

PEG – Peganaceae – dicot

PEL – Pellicieraceae – dicot

PEP – Peperomiaceae – dicot

PER – Peraceae – dicot

PGL – Polygalaceae – dicot

PGP – Plagiopteraceae – dicot

PGY – Plagiogyriaceae – pteridophyte

PHC – Pentaphylacaceae – dicot

PHD – Philadelphaceae – dicot

PHL – Philydraceae – monocot

PHN – Phyllonomaceae – dicot

PHO – Phormiaceae – monocot

PHR – Phrymaceae – dicot

PHT – Phytolaccaceae – dicot

PHY** – Physenaceae – dicot

PIC** – Picramniaceae – dicot

PIN – Pinaceae – gymnosperm

PIP – Piperaceae – dicot

PIS – Pistaciaceae – dicot

PIT – Pittosporaceae – dicot

PLB – Plumbaginaceae – dicot

PLG – Polygonaceae – dicot

PLM – Polemoniaceae – dicot

PLN – Phellinaceae – dicot

PLO – Plocospermataceae – dicot

PLP – Polypodiaceae – pteridophyte

PLS – Philesiaceae – monocot

PLS** – Polyosmaceae – dicot

PLT – Platanaceae – dicot

PNA – Penaeaceae – dicot

PND – Pandanaceae – dicot

PNT – Pentadiplandraceae – dicot

POA – Poaceae – monocot

POD – Podoaceae – dicot

PON – Pontederiaceae – monocot

POP – Populaceae – dicot

POR – Portulacaceae – dicot

POS – Posidoniaceae – monocot

POT – Potamogetonaceae – monocot

PPH – Pteridophyllaceae – dicot

PPL – Papilionaceae – dicot

PRD – Peridiscaceae – dicot

PRI** – Prioniaceae – monocot

PRK – Parkeriaceae – pteridophyte

PRM – Primulaceae – dicot

PRP – Periplocaceae – dicot

PRT – Proteaceae – dicot

PSL – Psilotaceae – pteridophyte

PSV – Petrosaviaceae – monocot

PSX – Psiloxylaceae – dicot

PTG – Plantaginaceae – dicot

PTH – Penthoraceae – dicot

PTL – Potaliaceae – dicot

PTM – Petermanniaceae – monocot

PTP – Pentaphragmataceae – dicot

PTR – Pteridaceae – pteridophyte

PTS – Pterostemonaceae – dicot

PTT** – Pottingeriaceae – dicot

PTX – Ptaeroxylaceae – dicot

PTZ – Platyzomataceae – pteridophyte

PUN – Punicaceae – dicot

PUT** – Putranjivaceae – dicot

PYR – Pyrolaceae – dicot

Genes, Control, Molecules, & Pathways…

P – element – Phosphorous

P – 1-letter symbol for the amino acid Proline

PAN –

PAR – “Photosynthetically active radiation designates the spectral range (wave band) of solar radiation from 400 to 700 nanometers that photosynthetic organisms are able to use in the process of photosynthesis.” (Wikipedia, 2018)

Pc – Petroselinum crispum, as referenced in citations of genes, proteins, etc., i.e. PcMYB1

PC –  – Plastocyanin

PCD – process – Programmed Cell Death, Apoptosis

PD – Plasmodesmata

PENNYWISE (PNY) – PENNYWISE and POUND-FOOLISH are Homeodomain genes and their proteins, which are involved in regulation of meristematic cell development. (Shang Wu, 2012, eScholarship, UC Riverside Theses and Dissertations) Permalink: https://escholarship.org/uc/item/2jb086jg

PEX

PGA

PGK – 

pH – “An expression of the intensity of the basic or acidic condition of a liquid or of soil; the logarithmic scale ranges from 0 to 14, where 0 is the most acid, 7 is neutral, and above 7 is alkaline. Natural waters usually have a pH between 6.5 and 8.5. Plants have differing tolerances for acidity and alkalinity.” (Womach, 2005)

Ph – Petunia hybrida, as referenced in citations of genes, proteins, etc.i.e. PhMYB3

Phe – abbreviation for the amino acid Phenylalanine

PICKLE

PID

PIF

PIN (PIN-FORMED)

PG – Plastoquinone

PLENA – gene

PNF –  see POUND-FOOLISH

PNY – see PENNYWISE

POLYCOMB –

POUNDFOOLISH (PNF) – gene –  (See PENNYWISE) 

PPF – Photosynthetic photon flux – the maximum energy available for photosynthesis

PPV – Plum Pox Virus

PRC –    – Polycomb Repressor Complex

Pro – abbreviation for the amino acid Proline

PROLIFERA – gene

PTS

PWA – Pokeweed, Phytolacca americana, agglutinin, a lectin

PYR & PYL

Herbaria…

P, PC – Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle, Paris, France 

PAC – Pennsylvania State University Herbarium, University Park, Pennsylvania 

PACA – Instituto Anchietano de Pesquisas/UNISINOS “; São Leopoldo, Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil

PAD – Università degli Studi di Padova, Padua, Italy

PAL – Herbarium Mediterraneum Panormitanum, Palermo, Sicily, Italy

PAM – Pennsylvania Department of Agriculture Herbarium, Harrisburg, Pennsylvania 

PAP – Musée de Tahiti et des Îles, Punaauia, Tahiti, French Polynesia; ” 

PASA – Pasadena City College Herbarium, Pasadena, California 

PASM – Palomar College Herbarium, San Marcos, California 

PAV – Università di Pavia, Pavia, Italy

PE – Chinese National Herbarium, (Chinese Academy of Sciences), Xiangshan, Beijing, People’s Republic of China 

PERTH – Western Australian Herbarium, Western Australia, Australia

PESA – Centro Ricerche Floristiche Marche, Pesaro, Italy

PFC – Pfeiffer University Herbarium, Misenheimer, North Carolina 

PFRS – Pacific Southwest Forest and Range Experiment Station Forest Disease Herbarium, Berkeley, California 

PGM – Pacific Grove Museum of Natural History Herbarium, Pacific Grove, California 

PH – Academy of Natural Sciences Herbarium Academy of Natural Sciences, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 

PI – Università di Pisa, Pisa, Italy

PIHG – Florida Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services Herbarium, Gainesville, Florida 

PLAT – State University of New York, College at Plattsburgh Herbarium, State University of New York at Plattsburgh, Plattsburgh, New York 

PM – Peabody Essex Museum Herbarium, Salem, Massachusetts 

PMA – University of Panama, Panama City, Panama 

PMEA – Royal Alberta Museum, Edmonton, Alberta 

PMS – Pacific Marine Station Herbarium, Dillon Beach, California 

PNH – Philippine National Herbarium, Manila, Philippines

PO – Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal

POFS – Forest Service Herbarium, USDA, Portland, Oregon 

POLL – Palatine Museum of Natural History (Pfalzmuseum für Naturkunde), Bad, Dürkheim, Germany 

POM – Pomona College Herbarium, Claremont, California 

PORE – Point Reyes National Seashore Herbarium, Point Reyes Station California 

PORUN – Università degli Studi di Napoli, Portici, Napoli, Italy

PPIU – M. Utemisov Western Kazakhstanian State University, Uralsk, Kazakhstan

PRC – Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic 

PRE – South African National Biodiversity Institute, Pretoria, Gauteng Province, South Africa

PREM – National Mycological Herbarium, Pretoria, Gauteng Province, South Africa

PRI – College of Eastern Utah Herbarium, Price, Utah 

PRU – H.G.W.J. Schweickerdt Herbarium, University of Pretoria; Pretoria, Gauteng Province, South Africa

PSP – Parasitic Seed Plants Herbarium, Burlington, West Virginia 

PTBG National Tropical Botanical Garden, Kalaheo, Kauai, Hawaii 

PTIS – Potato Introduction Station Herbarium, Sturgeon Bay, Wisconsin 

PUA – Pacific Union College Herbarium, Angwin, California 

PUL – Kriebel Herbarium, Purdue University West Lafayette Indiana 

PUR – Arthur Herbarium, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 

PVNH – Herbarium of Vanuatu, Port-Vila, Vanuatu

Link to this Page: https://botanyincontext.com/acronyms-abbreviations-p/