Associations and Organizations…
IAFN (RIFA) – International Analog Forestry Network: “Vision: The restoration of the life support systems of the planet through improved economic opportunities for rural populations. Mission: promote the application and appreciation of the techniques of analog forestry as a critical component of a new rural development paradigm. ¶The activities of the Network consist of four main programs. Capacity building: through our network of trainers, we cooperate with local farmers’ groups, agricultural and forestry technicians, and political decision-makers. Our trainings are based on the theory and practice of analog forestry for sustainable community development; Demonstration sites: these act as the seeds of restoration, as they give an example of analog forestry in a local context; Certification: we work with the production standard for Forest Garden Products, which allows sustainable forest products to reach a value=added market. We also work with local networks devoted to participatory guarantee systems; Knowledge management: the experiences of our network partners is a valuable resource, and one of the roles IAFN plays is to share these experiences, lessons learned, and research from around the world.
IAPB – “The International Association for Plant Biotechnology is the largest international professional organisation representing the interests of the world-wide plant biotechnology community… in 1970 the International Association of Plant Tissue Culture (IAPTC) was formally established during the first IAPTC Congress in Strasbourg, France, where the IAPTC constitution was formally approved. The major objective of the IAPTC was “to promote the interest of plant tissue culture workers”. This aim was achieved primarily by: 1. Convening International Congresses of Plant Tissue Culture; 2 The publication of a Newsletter. 3 Establishing international country memberships. One of the key features of the IAPTC was, and still is, their wide international activity, each of the countries being represented by a National Correspondent. The governing body of the association is the Council, consisting of National Correspondents.”
IAPPS – International Association for the Plant Protection Sciences: “Our mission is to promote an integrated and sustainable approach to plant protection worldwide, from research through to practical application.”
IAPSC/CPI – Interafrican Phytosanitary Council/Conseil phytosanitaire interafricain (see also EPPO)
IAPT – “The International Association for Plant Taxonomy (IAPT) promotes an understanding of plant biodiversity, facilitates international communication of research between botanists, and oversees matters of uniformity and stability in plant names. The IAPT was founded on July 18, 1950 at the Seventh International Botanical Congress in Stockholm, Sweden.” (from Wikipedia, 2018)
IAPTC – (Archaic) see IAPB
IATP – “Institute for Agriculture and Trade Policy (IATP) (United States/International) – IATP is a research and advocacy organization working to promote fair and sustainable food, farm, and trade systems around the world.”
IAS – The International Aroid Society is a nonprofit organization which supports aroid education, research and horticulture through publications, awards, events, and the website aroid.org.
IBDA – The International Biodynamic Association: “IBDA is the international association of the biodynamic movement working in close cooperation with the Demeter trademark licensing and certifying associations which are members of Demeter International (DI).”
IBDC – “The International Biodynamic Council (IBDC) was founded in 2012. It consists of the board members of Demeter-International, IBDA, the heads of the Section and Aender Schanck from Luxembourg as a representative for trade and processing.”
IBS – International Bulb Society
ICAR – “The Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR) is an autonomous organisation under the Department of Agricultural Research and Education (DARE), Ministry of Agriculture and Farmers Welfare , Government of India. Formerly known as Imperial Council of Agricultural Research, it was established on 16 July 1929 as a registered society under the Societies Registration Act, 1860 in pursuance of the report of the Royal Commission on Agriculture. The ICAR has its headquarters at New Delhi. ¶The Council is the apex body for co-ordinating, guiding and managing research and education in agriculture including horticulture, fisheries and animal sciences in the entire country. With 101 ICAR institutes and 71 agricultural universities spread across the country this is one of the largest national agricultural systems in the world. ¶The ICAR has played a pioneering role in ushering Green Revolution and subsequent developments in agriculture in India through its research and technology development that has enabled the country to increase the production of food grains by 5 times, horticultural crops by 9.5 times, fish by 12.5 times , milk 7.8 times and eggs 39 times since 1951 to 2014, thus making a visible impact on the national food and nutritional security. It has played a major role in promoting excellence in higher education in agriculture. It is engaged in cutting edge areas of science and technology development and its scientists are internationally acknowledged in their fields.” (2018)
ICBG – “Our International Cooperative Biodiversity Groups Program for Panama (“ICBG”) has the goal of linking drug discovery from rainforest plants with biodiversity conservation. Our plant collections are driven by “ecological insight”. That is, we use the results of decades of ecological research to guide us to plants that are most likely to have medicinal compounds.” See also STRI
ICBG places a large emphasis on collaboration, training and technology-transfer to Panamanian scientific institutions.
ICBN – International Code of Botanical Nomenclature
ICCA – The International Correspondence of Corkscrew Addicts
ICEERS – “The International Center for Ethnobotanical Education, Research & Service (ICEERS) is a philanthropic, tax-exempt non-profit organization (charity) dedicated to 1) the integration of ayahuasca, iboga and other traditional plants as therapeutic tools in modern society, and 2) the preservation of the indigenous cultures that have been using these plant species since antiquity on their habitat and botanical resources.”
ICPN – “The Index to California Plant Names (ICPN) includes names from a variety of sources (e.g., specimens, checklists, floras) that have been applied, correctly or incorrectly, to California plants. Approximately 9,400 of 15,000 names presently included in ICPN appeared in The Jepson Manual as accepted names, names of minor variants, or synonyms; most of the remainder have come into use, or come back into use, correctly or incorrectly, since The Jepson Manual. The primary intention is to account for names people are likely to encounter, from whatever source, and to summarize the status of such names with respect to the first printing of The Jepson Manual (TJM), and to the flora of California as it is understood presently by authors contributing to the Second Edition of The Jepson Manual (to the extent that we are incorporating any changes these authors make relative to TJM as we become aware of them).
ICRAF – International Council for Research in Agroforestry: “The World Agroforestry Centre (ICRAF) is a centre of scientific excellence that harnesses the benefits of trees for people and the environment. Leveraging the world’s largest repository of agroforestry science and information, we develop knowledge practices, for farmers’ fields to the global sphere, to ensure food security and environmental sustainability. Our Vision: An equitable world where all people have viable livelihoods supported by healthy and productive landscapes. Our Mission: To harness the multiple benefits trees provide for agriculture, livelihoods, resilience and the future of our planet, from farmers’ fields through to continental scales. ICRAF’s headquarters are based in Nairobi, Kenya, and we operate six regional programmes in Sub-Saharan Africa, Asia and Latin America.”
ICSS – “The International Crop Science Society (ICSS) fosters communication among crop scientists. It nurtures the International Crop Science Congress held every four years. These Congresses stimulate thinking among scientists as to how advances in crop science, in all their aspects, can assist in meeting the critical diverse global challenges that lie ahead.” (GPC website)
ICTB – “The International Center for Tropical Botany develops research, education, and outreach programs related to tropical botany, integrating the research programs of a faculty with global presence in tropical regions. By building an international network of collaborating researchers and institutions, the Center facilitates international collaborations that advances critical interdisciplinary research on pressing global issues. Headquartered at the Kampong, the historical estate of plant explorer Dr. David Fairchild and one of the National Tropical Botanical Garden’s five sites, the Center is located in Coconut Grove, Florida.”
ICTV – International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses: “Taxonomy lies at the uneasy interface between biology and logic. The processing of information follows somewhat different rules in these two systems and the role of taxonomy is to reconcile them as tidily as possible. To this end, the Virology Division of the International Union of Microbiological Societies (IUMS) charged the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV) with the task of developing, refining, and maintaining a universal virus taxonomy. The goal of this undertaking is to categorize the multitude of known viruses into a single classification scheme that reflects their evolutionary relationships, i.e. their individual phylogenies”
IERC – “Welcome to Integral Ecology Research Center: IERC is a non-profit organization dedicated to the research and conservation of wildlife and their ecosystems. Founded in 2004, IERC has conducted and continues research on several sensitive wildlife species, with the ultimate goal of providing knowledge and understanding towards the conservation of these species and their habitats. Our projects cover many different habitats, from alpine settings to old-growth coastal forests to deserts and tropical jungles. Our research entails a wide range of species from big cats, to elusive forest carnivores, to sensitive stream amphibians, to endangered invertebrates, and to o wildlife and zoonotic diseases Through our programs, we hope to provide the most current and scientifically accurate ecological information that will help wildlife managers, educators, researchers, and politicians implement well-informed conservation measures for wildlife species and promote biological diversity world-wide.”
IFA – “The Iowa Florists’ Association (IFA) is an association representing the needs and interests of the floriculture industry in Iowa. The IFA was formed to promote the sale and use of floral products through marketing, research and education, and to protect the industry through involvement in the legislative process.’
IFAJ – “An organization that later became known as the International Federation of Agricultural Journalists (IFAJ) was first formed in 1956. Interest in organizing an international organization of agricultural journalists can be traced back to 1933 when an International Federation of the Agricultural Press was founded at Ghent in Belgium; two years later, during the Brussels International Fair, a congress was organized and attended by journalists from 18 countries. The outbreak of WWII set an end to the first federation’s activities.”
IFT – Institute of Food Technologists
IFTA – “In 1958, The International Fruit Tree Association began its existence as the Dwarf Fruit Tree Association. A small meeting of fruit growers in Hartford, Michigan met to discuss the increasing interest in planting dwarf trees in commercial orchards. ¶From these humble beginnings, IFTA has grown into an international organization noted for its commitment to furthering the fruit tree industry. For more information about the early history of IFTA, download the book A Historical Perspective, 1958-1991, written by Robert F. Carlson. Robert was a former Executive Secretary of IDFTA (IFTA) and the namesake of the Carlson Lecturer at the IFTA Annual Conference.”
IGA – “International Grains Agreement — Replaced the International Wheat Agreement in 1995. The IGA comprises a Grains Trade Convention (GTC) and a Food Aid Convention (FAC). The IGA is administered by the International Grains Council (IGC), an intergovernmental forum for cooperation on wheat and coarse grain matters. The Grains Trade Convention provides for information-sharing, analysis and consultations on grain market and policy developments. Under the Food Aid Convention, donor countries pledge to provide annually specified amounts of food aid to developing countries in the form of grain suitable for human consumption, or cash to buy suitable grains in recipient countries. The International Grains Agreement does not contain any mechanisms for stabilizing supplies, prices, or trade.” (Wolmach, 2005)
IGC — “International Grains Council — An intergovernmental forum responsible for administering the International Grains Agreement (IGA). The United States is a member of the IGC.” (Womach, 2005)
IJIS – International Journal of Integrated Science (see IPEC)
IJNP – Indian Journal of Natural Products (see SP)
IJO — International Jute Organization.
IK – “For more than a quarter of a century, The IK Foundation has striven for a better understanding of the Natural and Cultural History of Planet Earth, by means of – among other things a mission which is very much ongoing: Field work, Expeditions; Research projects; Publicise, Publishing, Exhibitions; Philanthropy.
As an independent non-governmental organisation – with a strong reputation for interdisciplinary thinking, in-depth knowledge and long-term results – IK continues to develop unique international networks of cooperation and finance in order to fulfill its mission, we believe that it is the right of everyone to have access to good knowledge of both local and global Natural and Cultural History. In that a interdisciplinary and historical approach to these subjects probably makes it easier to understand life as it is today and to face the future – something that affects all of us on Planet Earth.“The story behind the acronym “IK” is simple. When IK was founded as an organisation in Scandinavia in 1988 the letter “I” stood for Institute and “K” for Cultural Research (in Scandinavian linguistic usage “Kulturforskning”). Within a few years of its founding, the abbreviation “IK” alone was used, while the organisation came to be called “The IK Foundation” or “The IK Foundation & Company”. Thus the letters no longer represent a name but are merely part of the early history of the organisation.”
A POWERFUL SYMBOL
The IK Foundation’s emblem is a stately, windswept pine tree (Pinus sylvestris), a powerful symbol that demonstrates how almost anything can be achieved providing that we maintain high quality in our work and have patience. Within IK it is this collective and long-term thinking that we value most. Whether it is a question of a book or of field work, an exhibition or…, our emblem always crowns our work. The windswept pine tree has been our banner since IK was formed on the 1st of January 1988. It was designed around a photograph of a lone and windswept pine on the South Baltic coast – the tree has stood there for over 200 years.
By the sea along the same coast one can today find the remains from one of the first pine trees that grew in the area for more than 10,000 years ago – the first trees following the last ice age. The picture shows one of the first photographs (1984).
A rooted pine stump which is still presently submerged at 14 meters below sea level in the Baltic Sea, and remains in the same position where it once grew for more than 10 000 years ago when the coastline and water surface were differently situated than today. Photo: J Lemte | The IK Foundation.
THE NAME
The story behind the acronym “IK” is simple. When IK was founded as an organisation in Scandinavia in 1988 the letter “I” stood for Institute and “K” for Cultural Research (in Scandinavian linguistic usage “Kulturforskning”). Within a few years of its founding, the abbreviation “IK” alone was used, while the organisation came to be called “The IK Foundation” or “The IK Foundation & Company”. Thus the letters no longer represent a name but are merely part of the early history of the organisation.
INPS – “The Iowa Native Plant Society is a forum for plant enthusiasts, gardeners, and professional botanists to exchange ideas and information, and to work together to: encourage conservation and ethical use of Iowa’s plants; promote education about Iowa’s plants, their habitats and cultural habits, and the preservation of these plants and their environment; [and] appreciate and enjoy Iowa’s native flora. ¶INPS organizes field trips and promotes other native plant events on our calendar. We post pictures from some of our field trips. You can learn more about what’s happening in INPS by reading the latest newsletter. Check out our Books page for books recently authored by INPS members. Keep informed about native-plant-related topics by joining our email discussion group.”
INRA – L’Institut national de la recherche agronomique: “The French National Institute for Agricultural Research is Europe’s top agricultural research institute and the world’s number two centre for the agricultural sciences. Its scientists are working towards solutions for society’s major challenges.”
INRO — International Natural Rubber Organization.
INTECOL – “The International Association for Ecology (INTECOL) supports collaboration amongst ecologists and ecological societies across the world. Ecologists can share their knowledge and work together to find creative solutions to world’s ecological issues.“
INPAWS – “Welcome to INPAWS, the Indiana Native Plant and Wildflower Society.
IOPI – “The International Organization for Plant Information (IOPI) manages a series of cooperative international projects that aim to create and link databases of plant taxonomic information. “
IOPI is a Commission of the International Union of Biological Sciences (IUBS) and a member of Species 2000. Whatever your interest—protecting natural places, adding native plants to your garden, photographing wildflowers, or lending expertise to our community of native plant enthusiasts—there’s a place for you in INPAWS. ¶Together we’re working to create healthy ecosystems, teach the next generation to love the land, and save the wild beauty of Indiana.”
IOSTA – International Organization of Spice Trade Associations “IOSTA brings together spice associations from around the world to address common issues and seek sensible solutions to ensure the sustainability of the spice industry.”
IP – “Identity Preservation — A general term used to describe the technical and managerial techniques used to track and document the paths that agricultural products move in the production process. A fully integrated IP system might track and document a commodity’s seed characteristics, initial planting, growing conditions, harvesting, shipping, storage, processing, packaging, and ultimate sale to the consumer. Separating organic products from conventionally raised ones is a one type of IP system. IP systems are a central component of value-chains.” As Compared to: “Identity preserved (IP) — This is the designation given to bulk commodities marketed in a manner that isolates and preserves the identity of a shipment, presumably because of unique characteristics that have value otherwise lost through commingling during normal storage, handling and shipping procedures. The concept of IP has been accorded greater importance with the introduction of genetically modified (GM) organisms into agriculture. Although the U.S. scientific community maintains that GM crops are safe, critics want them segregated from non-GM commodities out of concerns about their potential environmental and food safety implications.” (Womach, 2016)
IPA – Invasive Plant Atlas: “The Invasive Plant Atlas of the United States is a collaborative project between the National Park Service and the University of Georgia Center for Invasive Species and Ecosystem Health. The Atlas provides information about non-native plant species that invade natural areas, excluding agricultural and other developed lands. Non-native invasive plants compete with native plant species for light, nutrients, water, and soil. They degrade natural areas by displacing native plant communities, reducing light penetration, increasing ground level humidity, changing soil ph and chemistry, and altering hydrologic and fire regimes. The changes invasives bring can affect things like the amount and quality of food and nesting sites available for wildlife, the extent and survival of native plant populations, the quality and functions of wetlands and waterways, and the appearance and enjoyment of natural landscapes.”
IPC – refers to numerous Invasive Plant Councils throughout the USA.
IPC – (commercial): “Invasive Plant Control, Inc is one of only a few companies in the United States whose sole purpose is the management of Invasive Species nationwide. Invasive plant management requires remarkably different methodologies than traditional vegetation management. Focusing specifically on invasive plants has allowed IPC to become one of the nation’s leading private entities for controlling invasive plants. Since its beginning as a national company in 1997 IPC has controlled invasive species from the deep south’s Everglades National Park to the northeast’s Shenandoah National Park. The company is owned and operated by Lee Patrick and Steve Manning. IPC strives to provide the highest quality service and maintain long-term relationships with all of its clients. We are proud of all the work we have completed in the past and recommend you contact one or two of the references listed in this site or call us to talk about other projects we have completed that may be similar to yours.”
IPEC – International PhytoEssence Consortium is comprised of three independent entities serving main objectives consist of (a) fostering advances in science and technology related to phytocosmetics, personal care products, and natural ingredients that are solely plant based, (b) sponsoring responsible practices in research, development and production of plant based goods, and (c) ensuring global understanding of sustainable, zero harm to environment and adhering to the highest ethical standard in all practices. Three organizations are International Society for Phytocosmetic Science (ISPS), International Journal of Integrated Science (IJIS) and a subsidiary responsible for production of International Phytocosmetics and Phytotherapy Congresses (IPPC).
IPGSA – International Plant Growth Substances Association: “The object of the Association is to promote the development of the study of plant growth substances at the international level. The IPGSA organizes International Conferences on plant growth substances. It also organizes sections devoted to plant growth substances and related disciplines at International Congresses. IPGSA facilitates publication of matters relating to the study of plant growth substances.”
IPK – Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research, Gatersleben, Germany, see also GBIS/I, the Gene Bank Information System of IPK (http://gbis.ipk-gatersleben.de).
IPNI – “The International Plant Names Index (IPNI) is a database of the names and associated basic bibliographical details of seed plants, ferns and lycophytes. Its goal is to eliminate the need for repeated reference to primary sources for basic bibliographic information about plant names. The data are freely available and are gradually being standardized and checked. IPNI is a dynamic resource, depending on direct contributions by all members of the botanical community. IPNI is the product of a collaboration between The Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, The Harvard University Herbaria, and the Australian National Herbarium.”
IPPC – “The Secretariat of the International Plant Protection Convention (IPPC) was established in 1992 by FAO in recognition of the increasing roles of the IPPC. The Secretariat is hosted by FAO and its Headquarters is in Rome, Italy. The staff of the IPPC Secretariat currently consists of a Secretary, a Coordinator and several professional officers and administrative staff. The Secretariat is also complemented by contracting parties providing staff resources through various contributions.
IPPC – International Phytocosmetics and Phytotherapy Congresses (see IPEC)
IPPS – “The International Plant Propagators’ Society is an international association of plant production professionals. The Society provides a forum for sharing plant production knowledge with the aim to improve the professionalism, knowledge and skills of its members. IPPS has since its inception in 1951 developed into the leading global plant production knowledge network. It has a worldwide membership of over 1600 members who have the opportunity to meet regularly on a regional and international level by attending educational conferences, tours, field days and workshops. The Society offers various scholarships, research grants and exchange programs.“
IPS – The International Palm Society: “Whether your interest is in botanical research or growing palms in your home and garden, membership in The International Palm Society will provide you with a continuous source of information about this vast plant family of around 2,500 tropical and subtropical species.”
IRCH – The International Register of Consultant Herbalists and Homeopaths: Chartered by Henry VIII (included), Apart from granting legal protection to the practice of Herbal Medicine, this legal document also formally established the practice as an inherent part of our National heritage and culture. As such, provision was made for its protection in the ‘Communication from the Commission to the European Parliament,’ dated 14 May 2007. Traditional practice was protected under Section 12.1 of the 1968 Medicines Act and the same provisions remain extant under the current Humans Medicines Act 2012. “The treasures of Traditional Herbal Medicine have been protected by all herbalists who, in the spirit of Nicholas Culpepper, have protected the traditional practise and philosophy of natural medicine in the face of adversity throughout the ages. Despite this, there have been those who have sought to diminish, betray and sacrifice the art, for the sake of acceptance by allopathic practitioners of pharmacology in the NHS. This aberrant faction campaigned for the statutory regulation of the profession under regulations, which would have redefined herbal medicine to the point where it would have ceased to exist. To promote this destructive policy, practitioners and public alike were encouraged to believe that, without this retrogressive step, future practice would not be possible. A dark spectre concerning issues of imagined “recognition” or its lack were raised, to alarm and confuse both those in practice, as well as those planning to join this healing art.”
ISA – International Society of Arboriculture, 2101 West Park Court, Champaign, IL 61821, United States. Also see: Trees Are Good
ISAAA – International Service for the Acquisition of Agri-Biotech Applications presents an easy to use database of Biotech/GM crop approvals for various biotechnology stakeholders. It features the Biotech/GM crop events and traits that have been approved for commercialization and planting and/or for import for food and feed use with a short description of the crop and the trait. We feed the world with Knowledge.”
ISE – “International Society for Ethnopharmacology: The ISE promotes a critical discussion between everyone interested in local and traditional knowledge on medicinal, food and toxic plants and their past, present and future.”
ISEB – “International Society of Environmental Botanists (ISEB) is a non-profit, non-governmental organisation and is a Scientific Member of International Union of Biological Sciences (IUBS), Paris. The Main goals of ISEB are: To promote and coordinate research on plants in relation to environmental pollution; To encourage better interaction among researchers, teachers, and social activists; and To create awareness, especially among governmental policy makers and industry leaders.”
ISFA – “The Illinois State Florists’ Association is made up of hundreds of florists within Illinois and surrounding states. Our mission is to educate our members through bootcamps, ICPF certification program, Annual Floral Design Show, and much more. By educating our members through these methods we will help you create a stronger floral industry.”
ISC – “The Invasive Species Compendium (ISC) is an encyclopedic resource that brings together a wide range of different types of science-based information to support decision-making in invasive species management worldwide.
The US Department of Agriculture is a lead partner with CABI in the development of this Compendium which has been resourced by a diverse international Consortium of government departments, non-governmental organizations and private companies.
ISO – “International Sugar Organization — The body established by the International Sugar Agreement, 1992 whose objectives are: “(a) To ensure enhanced international cooperation in connection with world sugar matters and related issues; (b) To provide a forum for intergovernmental consultations on sugar and on ways to improve the world sugar economy; (c) To facilitate trade by collecting and providing information on the world sugar market and other sweeteners; (d) To encourage increased demand for sugar, particularly for non-traditional uses.” [www.sugaronline.com/iso].” (Womach, 2005)
ISP – “The advent of house by the name of Indian Society of Pharmacognosy is a clear omen of the foresightedness of the mastermind’s beings honoring the desk of herbs and their products since times immemorial. The society took birth 38 years back with its headquarters at Punjab University, Chandigarh with the aim of exploring the benefits of the flora and fauna for the human welfare. The society worked leaving no stone unturned, and later found that print media is the prominent source to touch the masses. With this intention, society started to publish a quarterly journal by the name of “Indian Journal of Natural Products (IJNP)” SPFV – “The Portuguese Society of Plant Physiology (Portuguese: Sociedade Portuguesa de Fisiologia Vegetal; SPFV) was founded in 1977 as an affiliate of the Portuguese Biochemical Society (Sociedade Portuguesa de Bioquímica; SPB). It congregates scientists and graduate students within the area of plant biology, in particular, plant physiology, biochemistry, and molecular biology.” (GPC website) (ISP is somewhat Archaic, but remains part of the society logo)
ISPP – Indian Society of Plant Physiologists: “The Society aims: To provide a platform for exchange of ideas between researchers working in the field of Plant Physiology and allied sciences; To publish Indian Journal of Plant Physiology and proceedings of plant physiology research conferences/ seminars; To organize international/ national conference/ symposia/ zonal seminars and annual meetings of the researchers associated with Plant Physiology and allied sciences in agriculture;;To recognize the scientists and young researchers by awarding and providing fellowships of the society for their significant research contributions.”
ISPS – Israeli Society of Plant Sciences: “The aims of the Society are to promote the interest in and encourage research on various Plant Science-related fields, and to encourage collaborations between members of the society and members of similar societies worldwide. The society strives to promote botanical educational programs for schools and for the general public, and to develop ties with the biotechnology industry.”
ISPS – International Society for Phytocosmetic Science (see IPEC)
IT PGRFA – “The International Treaty on Plant Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture (IT PGRFA),[1] popularly known as the International Seed Treaty, is a comprehensive international agreement in harmony with the Convention on Biological Diversity, which aims at guaranteeing food security through the conservation, exchange and sustainable use of the world’s plant genetic resources for food and agriculture (PGRFA), as well as the fair and equitable benefit sharing arising from its use. It also recognises Farmers’ Rights, subject to national laws to: a) the protection of traditional knowledge relevant to plant genetic resources for food and agriculture; b) the right to equitably participate in sharing benefits arising from the utilisation of plant genetic resources for food and agriculture; and c) the right to participate in making decisions, at the national level, on matters related to the conservation and sustainable use of plant genetic resources for food and agriculture. The Treaty establishes the Multilateral System of Access and Benefit-sharing to facilitate plant germplasm exchanges and benefit sharing through Standard Material Transfer Agreement (SMTA).” (Wikipedia 2018)
ITTO – “International Tropical Timber Organization is an intergovernmental organization promoting the conservation and sustainable management, use and trade of tropical forest resources. Its members represent about 80% of the world’s tropical forests and 90% of the global tropical timber trade. ¶The International Tropical Timber Organization (ITTO) was established under the auspices of the United Nations in 1986 amidst increasing worldwide concern for the fate of tropical forests. While almost everyone was alarmed at the rate of deforestation occurring in many tropical countries, there was also considerable agreement that the tropical timber trade was one of the keys to economic development in those same countries. The reconciliation of these two seemingly disparate phenomena is ITTO’s story.”
IWGS – “Welcome to the International Waterlily and Water Gardening Society (IWGS) … your primary resource for water gardening and all the beautiful waterlilies and aquatic plants associated with this relaxing and rewarding hobby.”
IUBS – “The International Union of Biological Sciences (IUBS) is a non-governmental, non-profit organisation, established in 1919. IUBS is the only international body that covers all disciplines of biological and life sciences. As an umbrella organisation for international scientific associations, IUBS is developing approaches [as to] how scientific disciplines are able to interact successfully. It currently unites more than 110 institutional members, comprising of ordinary as well as scientific members concerned with a particular biological discipline as well as several associate members aspiring to become an ordinary member.”
IUCN – “The International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) is a membership Union uniquely composed of both government and civil society organisations. It provides public, private and non-governmental organisations with the knowledge and tools that enable human progress, economic development and nature conservation to take place together. Created in 1948, IUCN has evolved into the world’s largest and most diverse environmental network. It harnesses the experience, resources and reach of its 1,300 Member organisations and the input of some 10,000 experts. IUCN is the global authority on the status of the natural world and the measures needed to safeguard it. Our experts are organised into six commissions dedicated to species survival, environmental law, protected areas, social and economic policy, ecosystem management, and education and communication.”
IUFRO – International Union of Forest Research Organizations: “IUFRO is a non-profit, non-governmental international network of forest scientists, which promotes global cooperation in forest-related research and enhances the understanding of the ecological, economic and social aspects of forests and trees. IUFRO is “the” global network for forest science cooperation. It unites more than 15,000 scientists in almost 700 Member Organizations in over 110 countries, and is a member of ICSU. Scientists cooperate in IUFRO on a voluntary basis.”
Description, Structure, Classification, Ecology, Cultivation….
icon – refer to the image or illustration
IK – Indigenous Knowledge
ined. – ineditus, known in literature but not validly published as a name
Infl., infls. – standard abbreviation for inflorescence, inflorescences.
Invols., invols. – abbreviation for involcre, involucres.
Kew Plant Family Abbreviations:
ICB – Illecebraceae – dicot
ICC – Icacinaceae – dicot
IDI* – Idiospermaceae – dicot
ILC – Illiciaceae – dicot
ILI – Ilicaceae – dicot
IRI – Iridaceae – monocot
IRV – Irvingiaceae – dicot
ISO – Isoetaceae – pteridophyte
ITE – Iteaceae – dicot
IXI** – Ixioliriaceae – monocot
IXO – Ixonanthaceae – dicot
IXR** – Ixerbaceae – dicot
Genes, Control, Molecules, & Pathways…
I – element – Iodine
I – 1-letter abbreviation for the amino acid Isoleucine
IAA
Ile – abbreviation for the amino acid Isoleucine
ISH – in situ hybridization (see also GISH, FISH) -techniques pioneered by
IPCC – acronym – Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change
Herbaria…
I – Alexandru Ioan Cuza University, Romania
IAN – Embrapa Amazônia Oriental, Belém, Brasil
IB – Universität Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
IB; PAN – Władysław Szafer Institute of Botany, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kraków, Poland
IBE – Institute for Botanical Exploration Herbarium, Mississippi State, Mississippi
IBF – Tyrolean State Museum, Innsbruc, ,Austria
IBK – Guangxi Institute of Botany, Guilin, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, People’s Republic of China
IBSC – South China Botanical Garden, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People’s Republic of China
IBUG – Universidad de Guadalajara, Zapopan, Jalisco, Mexico
ICEL – Icelandic Institute of Natural History, ReykjavÌk, Iceland
ICN – Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul” Brasil
IDS – Ray J. Davis Herbarium, Idaho State University, Pocatello, Idaho
IFAN – Institut Fondamental d’Afrique Noire, Dakar, Senegal
IFGP – Pacific Southwest Research Station Herbarium, USDA Forest Service, Placerville, California
IFP – Institute of Applied Ecology, Academia Sinica, Shenyang, Liaoning, People’s Republic of China
IJ – Institute of Jamaica, Kingston, Jamaica
ILH – Iowa Lakeside Laboratory Herbarium, Milford, Iowa
ILLS – Illinois Natural History Survey Herbarium, Champaign, Illinois
IMI – CABI Bioscience UK Centre, Surrey, England, UK
INB – Instituto Nacional de Biodiversidad, Santo Domingo de Heredia, Costa Rica
IND – Deam Herbarium, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana
INPA – Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia, Manaus, Amazonas, Brasil
IRAN – Plant Pests and Diseases Research Institute, Tehran, Iran
IRKU – Irkutsk State University, Irkutsk, Russia
IRP – Isle Royale National Park Herbarium, Houghton, Michigan
ISC – Ada Hayden Herbarium, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa
ISM – Illinois State Museum Herbarium, Springfield, Illinois
ISU – Illinois State University Herbarium, Normal, Illinois
ITIC – Universidad de El Salvador, San Salvador, El Salvador
IUP – Arthur G. Shields Herbarium, Indiana University of Pennsylvania, Indiana, Pennsylvania
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