Associations, Authorities, Organizations, & Publications…
FAC – “Food and Agriculture Councils (FACs) — These councils were instituted in 1982 by USDA to function as interagency coordinating groups on three levels: national, state, and local. The state FACs are composed of senior level officials of individual USDA agencies within each state, and in the mid-90s the played a major role in managing the reorganization of USDA’s field office structure. Local FACs have consisted of USDA representatives at county or area-wide levels; and a national FAC at USDA’s Washington headquarters has served as a liaison with the state and local FACs.” (Womach, 2005)
FAIR – “Federal Agriculture Improvement and Reform (FAIR) Act of 1996 — P.L. 104-127 (April 4, 1996) was the omnibus 1996 farm bill that removed the link between income support payments and farm prices. It authorized 7-year production flexibility contract payments that provided participating producers with fixed government payments independent of current farm prices and production. The law specified the total amount of money to be made available through contract payments under production flexibility contracts for each fiscal year from 1996 through 2002.” (Womach, 2005)
FAO – “The Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations… is a specialised agency of the United Nations that leads international efforts to defeat hunger. Serving both developed and developing countries, FAO acts as a neutral forum where all nations meet as equals to negotiate arguments and debate policy.”
FAR – “The Mission of the Floral Association of the Rockies shall be to advance the sale and service of floral products and related items and to encourage their distribution, care and handling by marketing, promoting and educating the industry and the general public. And to promote integrity, professionalism, and camaraderie within the floral industry, while progressively addressing industry, technology and market trends.”
FATUS – “Acronym for Foreign Agricultural Trade System of the United States, FATUS is a system of more than 200 trade codes created and maintained by USDA’s Economic Research Service to summarize U.S. agricultural trade in a form accessible to the public. FATUS codes aggregate more than 4,000 import and 2,000 export, 10-digit agricultural trade codes from the Harmonized Tariff Schedule of the U.S. (HTS), under which all U.S. trade data are originally collected by the Census Bureau of the U.S. Department of Commerce. FATUS groupings are similar to, but tend to be more detailed than, those provided to the public through the BICO data system maintained by USDA’s Foreign Agricultural Service. See also BICO, and U.S. Trade Internet System.” (Womach, 2005)
FCC – First Class Certificate of American Orchid Society. “The highest flower-quality award, awarded to orchid species or hybrids scoring 90 points or more on a 100-point scale.”
FCIC – “Federal Crop Insurance Corporation (FCIC) — The wholly owned federal corporation within USDA that administers the federal crop insurance program. The 1996 farm bill (P.L.104-127) created an Office Of Risk Management, which USDA has renamed the Risk Management Agency, and which houses the FCIC.” (Womach, 2005)
FERM – “Forest Ecosystem Restoration and Management (FERM) — System designed to facilitate the recovery or re-establishment of native ecosystems to conditions consistent with their evolutionary environments in order to prevent further degradation and conserve native plants and animals. Related to rehabilitation, reclamation, and bioremediation.” (Womach, 2005)
FERN – “The Food & Environment Reporting Network (FERN) is the first and only independent, nonprofit news organization that produces award-winning, high-impact investigative and explanatory reporting on food, agriculture, and environmental health through partnerships with regional and national media outlets. Through our impartial “watchdog” journalism we seek to shine a light on injustices and abuses of power within the food system — both corporate and governmental — while taking full measure of the true impact food and agriculture have on public health and the environment. FERN uncovers, explores, and explains news that is critical to the public’s right to know about food, agriculture, and environmental health.”
fern – “Fern is a non-governmental organisation (NGO) and a Dutch Stichting created in 1995 to keep track of the European Union’s involvement in forests and coordinate NGO activities at the European level. Our work centres on forests and forest peoples’ rights and the issues that affect them such as trade and investment and climate change. All of our work is done in close collaboration with social and environmental organisations and movements across the world. The name Fern was chosen because ferns are one of the few species that grow in all forests.” (Note “fern” is not an acronym. This organization is included to distinguish it from FERN – see listed above)
FESPB – “The Federation of European Societies of Plant Biology was founded in 1978 and today it is Europe’s largest and most widely representative society of Plant Scientists. The aims of FESPB are to advance research, education, and the exchange of information amongst plant biologists within Europe and beyond, and to support the publication of the results of research through its affiliated international journals: Journal of Experimental Botany, Journal of Plant Physiology, Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, Physiologia Plantarum, and Plant Biology.”
FFA – “Future Farmers of America is the premier youth development organization for agricultural education students that provides life-changing experiences for its members. Those experiences are driven by a strong mission and a compelling vision.”
FFI – “Established over a century ago, Fauna & Flora International (FFI) was the world’s first international wildlife conservation organisation. Our mission is to conserve threatened species and ecosystems worldwide, choosing solutions that are sustainable, based on sound science, and which take into account human needs.”
FHS – “The Forest History Society is a nonprofit library and archive dedicated to collecting, preserving, and disseminating forest and conservation history for all to use. The Society links the past to the future while reminding us about our important forest heritage. ¶As part of our mission, FHS is continually seeking innovative ways of enhancing its programs in research, publication, and education, and new methods for promoting the study of environmental history. Towards that end, you’ll now find us on Facebook and Twitter and blogging at Peeling Back the Bark. We invite you to take a tour of FHS, and then explore the website and discover your forest heritage!”
FGIS – The Federal Grain Inspection Service develops and enforces standards for grain condition, quality, and purity.
FIP – Forestry Incentives Program. “Forestry Incentive Program (FIP) — Initiated in 1975 and administered by the Natural Resources Conservation Service, FIP provided financial assistance for up to 65% of the cost of silvicultural activities on nonindustrial private forest land of generally less than 1,000 acres. The program was terminated in the 2002 farm bill (P.L. 107-171), and replaced with the Forest Land Enhancement Program (FLEP).” (Womach, 2005)
FLEP – “Forest Land Enhancement Program (FLEP) — The Forest Land Enhancement Program (FLEP) was adopted in the 2002 farm bill (P.L. 107-171, Sec. 8002) as an amendment to the Cooperative Forestry Assistance Act of 1978 (P.L. 95-313; 16 U.S.C. 2101 et seq.). FLEP replaces the Stewardship Incentives Program (SIP) and the Forestry Incentives Program (FIP). FLEP is optional in each state and is a voluntary program for non-industrial private forest (NIPF) landowners. It provides for technical, educational, and cost-share assistance to promote sustainability of the NIPF forests. The law provided FLEP with $100 million from the CCC through FY07. Half of these funds were diverted to wildfire control in 2003, and $40 million of those funds have not been replenished and the spending authority has been cancelled.” (Womach, 2005)
FLOC – “Founded in 1967, FLOC (United States of America) was initially organized by Baldemar Velasquez, a migrant worker who sought to improve the working conditions of others like him by creating a mobile organizing base that could move along with workers as the seasons changed. Now, FLOC has over 20,000 members and works in both the United States and Mexico.”
FoPD – International Fascination of Plants Day, 18 May. (see EPSO)
FNPS – “The Mission of the Florida Native Plant Society is to promote the preservation, conservation, and restoration of the native plants and native plant communities of Florida. ¶The Society fulfills this mission through: Support for conservation land acquisition; Land management that enhances habitat suitability for native plants; Education; Public policies that protect our native flora, especially rare species; Research on native plant species; [and] Encouragement of local landscaping practices and policies that preserve Florida’s native plant heritage.”
FOR – “Farmer-Owned Grain Reserve — A program, established under the Food and Agriculture Act of 1977, designed to buffer sharp price movements and to provide reserves against production shortfalls by allowing wheat and feed grain farmers to participate in a subsidized grain storage program. Farmers who placed their grain in storage received an extended non-recourse loan for at least 3 years. Under certain conditions, interest on the loan could be waived and farmers could receive annual storage payments from the government. The 1996 farm bill (P.L. 104-127) repealed this program.” (Womach, 2005)
FPI – Food Plants International…. “Food Plants International was formally established in 1999, but its origins go back to the 1970’s. Bruce French, founder of FPI, was living in Papua New Guinea at the time and noticed that many villagers suffered disease and malnutrition, often while surrounded by nutritious food plants.
The people who make up FPI are based in Tasmania, Australia. We are all volunteers who wish to make a difference to the three billion people of the world whose most important concern each day is having enough nutritious food to eat.
FPL – “At the turn of the 19th century, logging had proceeded across much of the eastern United States and demands for wood products were rising rapidly. In 1910, the Forest Products Laboratory (USDA) was established in Madison, Wisconsin, to find ways to conserve scarce timber resources. For almost 100 years, our mission has been to use our Nation’s wood resources wisely and efficiently, while at the same time keeping our forests healthy. Our research began with preserving railroad ties, and now we are venturing into nanotechnology and finding ways that our research can contribute to mitigating the impacts of climate change. The FPL research staff has the experience and expertise needed to make us world renowned among forest products research organizations and an unbiased source of information. FPL researchers have longevity, with an average of 20 years of experience in their related fields.”
FPP – Farmland Protection Program (FPP) — See Farm and Ranch Lands Protection Program (FRPP).
FPP – “Forest Peoples Programme supports the rights of peoples who live in forests and depend on them for their livelihoods. We work to create political space for forest peoples to secure their rights, control their lands and decide their own futures.”
FPS – “The Forest Products Society is an international not-for-profit technical association founded in 1947 to provide an information network for all segments of the forest products industry. Membership is open to all interested individuals and organizations, representing a broad range of professional interests including private and public research and development, industrial management and production, marketing, education, government, engineering and consulting. The Society convenes technical conferences, produces several journals including the peer-reviewed Forest Products Journal and publishes books on topics of relevance to the forest products industry.”
FRPP – “Farm and Ranch Lands Protection Program — The Natural Resources Conservation Service (NRCS) renamed the Farmland Protection Program (FPP) to the Farm and Ranch Lands Protection Program in 2003 to accurately reflect the resources eligible to participate in the program. The program established by the 1996 farm bill (P.L. 104-127) to fund the purchase of conservation easements of 170,000-340,000 acres of land having prime or unique soil or other desirable production qualities that are threatened by urban development.” (Womach, 2005)
FS The US Forest Service: “We are a multi-faceted agency that manages and protects 154 national forests and 20 grasslands in 43 states and Puerto Rico. The agency’s mission is to sustain the health, diversity, and productivity of the nation’s forests and grasslands to meet the needs of present and future generations. ¶We have an elite wildland firefighting team and the world’s largest forestry research organization. Our experts provide technical and financial help to state and local government agencies, businesses, private landowners and work government-to-government with tribes to help protect and manage non-federal forest and associated range and watershed lands. ¶We augment our work through partnerships with public and private agencies that help us plant trees, improve trails, educate the public, and improve conditions in wildland/urban interfaces and rural areas, just to name a few. Our team also promotes sustainable forest management and biodiversity conservation internationally. ¶Gifford Pinchot, first Chief of the Forest Service, summed up the mission of the Forest Service: “to provide the greatest amount of good for the greatest amount of people in the long run.”
FSC – Forest Stewardship Council: “FSC is an independent, non-profit organization that protects forests for future generations. We are an open, membership-led organization that sets standards under which forests and companies are certified. Our membership consists of three equally weighted chambers — environmental, economic, and social — to ensure the balance and the highest level of integrity.”
FSWR – “Food Security Wheat Reserve (FSWR) — Title III of the Agricultural Act of 1980 (P.L. 96-494) established a reserve of up to 4 million metric tons of wheat for use in meeting emergency food needs in developing countries. This reserve generally was to be used to meet famine or other urgent or extraordinary relief requirements during periods of tight supplies and high prices when commodities are not available under the provisions of P.L. 480. The FSWR was replaced by the Food Security Commodity Reserve under the 1996 farm bill (P.L. 104-127, Sec. 225), which has since been renamed the Bill Emerson Humanitarian Trust. The 2002 farm bill (P.L. 107-171, Sec. 3202) extended the Trust through 2007.” (Womach, 2005)
FWF – Florida Wildflower Foundation: “The Florida Wildflower Foundation protects, connects and expands native wildflower habitats through education, research, planting and conservation.” https://www.flawildflowers.org/contact/
Description, Structure, Classification, Ecology, Cultivation….
f. – filius, indicates a child (son) of someone
- – Form, or Forma, a taxonomic category for unique phenotypes that occur sporadically in natural populations.
FFAV
Fil., fils. – in flower descriptions, the abbreviation for filament (which is the stalk of the stamen).
Fl., fls. – flower, or flowers, commonly used in floral descriptions.
FN – Falling Number. Search Wikipedia or other sources for Falling Number, also called the Hagberg-Perten number, and indicator of the relative amylase activity in grain samples (wheat, rye, barley), which correlates with the utility of the grain in breadmaking. This number is a measure of “sprout damage” as occurs when harvested grains have been exposed to moisture that promotes germination (malting, which raises enzyme activity). See the TimeLine, 1961.
FYM – Farm Yard Manure
Fr., frs. – standard abbreviation for fruit, fruits.
Kew Plant Family Abbreviations:
FAB – Fabaceae – dicot
FAG – Fagaceae – dicot
FCO – Francoaceae – dicot
FIC – Ficoidaceae – dicot
FLC – Flacourtiaceae – dicot
FLG – Flagellariaceae – monocot
FLN – Flindersiaceae – dicot
FNK – Frankeniaceae – dicot
FOE – Foetidaceae – dicot
FOQ – Fouquieriaceae – dicot
FUM – Fumariaceae – dicot
Genes, Control, Molecules, & Pathways…
F – 1-letter symbol for the amino acid phenylalanine
FA – molecular – Fatty Acids
FAME – “This process hydrolyzes fatty acids from phospholipids, triacylglycerols, sterols, and various other lipid structures and then adds a methyl group to the carboxyl group of fatty acids which forms a methyl ester that acts as a label for the GC, which then reads and identifies those fatty acids. The system was termed FAME analysis since it utilizes fatty acid methyl esters.” “Using FAME Analysis to Compare, Differentiate, and Identify Multiple Nematode Species”. Nicholas S. Sekora,1 Kathy S. Lawrence, Paula Agudelo, Edzard van Santen, and John A. McInroy, 2009. J Nematol 41(3): 163–173. PMID: 22736811 PMCID: PMC3380492. By characterizing the fatty acid profiles, researchers can establish identities and stages of various organisms.
FCA – protein – Flowering Time Control Protein
FD – Ferredoxin
Fe – element
FIS – gene – Fertilization-Independent Seed
FISH – fluorescence in situ hybridization, a technique that utilizes fluorescing probes (molecules) to mark/identify/localize specific sequences in chromosomes – see Wikipedia.
FLAVIN KELCH F BOX 1 (FKF1) – https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/biochemistry-genetics-and-molecular-biology/flavins)
FLC
FLORIGEN/FLORIGEN – A gene and protein involved in floral initiation. (Singer, 2018)
FLOWERING C/FLOWERING C – A gene and protein involved in regulating flowering, through impacting formation of FLORIGEN. See also COLDAIR RNA and COOLAIR RNA (Singer, 2018)
FLOWERING LOCUS T (FT) – gene
FRIGIDA/FRIGIDA – a gene and protein involved in temperature-based regulation of flowering, perhaps by impacting production of FLOWERING C. (Singer, 2018)
Herbaria….
F – Field Museum of Natural History, Chicago, Illinois
FARM – Longwood University Herbarium, Farmville, Virginia
FAU – Florida Atlantic University Herbarium, Davie, Florida
FCQ – Universidad Nacional de Asunción, San Lorenzo, Paraguay
FH – Farlow Reference Library and Herbarium of Cryptogamic Botany, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts
FHI – Forestry Research Institute of Nigeria, Ibadan, Oyo, Nigeria
FHKSC – Fort Hays State University Herbarium, Hays, Kansas
FHL – Friday Harbor Laboratories Herbarium, University of Washington, Friday Harbor, Washington
FHO – Daubeny Herbarium, University of Oxford, Oxford, England, UK
FI – Museo di Storia Naturale dell’Università , Florence Italy
FLAS – University of Florida Herbarium, Florida Museum of Natural History, Gainesville, Florida
FLD – Fort Lewis College Herbarium, Durango, Colorado
FLSP – Oscar Scherer State Park Herbarium, Osprey, Florida
FMC – North Museum of Natural History and Science Herbarium, Lancaster, Pennsylvania
FMNH – Field Museum of Natural History, Chicago, Illinois
FMUH – Francis Marion University Herbarium, Florence, South Carolina
FNFR – Fishlake National Forest Herbarium, Richfield, Utah
FNPS – South Florida Collections Management Center Herbarium, Everglades National Park, Homestead, Florida
FPF – Rocky Mountain Research Station, Forest Pathology Herbarium, USDA Forest Service, Fort Collins, Colorado
FR – Forschungsinstitut Senckenberg, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
FRU – National Academy of Science, Kyrgyzsta, Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan
FSC – California State University Herbarium, California State University, Fresno, California
FSCL – Florida Southern College Herbarium, Lakeland, Florida
FSSR – Forest Service, USDA Herbarium, Atlanta, Georgia
FSU – R. K. Godfrey Herbarium, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida
FT – Centro Studi Erbario Tropicale, Università degli Studi di Firenze, Florence, Italy
FTG – Fairchild Tropical Botanic Garden Herbarium, Coral Gables, Florida
FUGR – Furman University Herbarium, Greenville, South Carolina
FVCC – Flathead Valley Community College Herbarium, Kalispell, Montana
FWVA – Fairmont State University Herbarium, Fairmont, West Virginia
Link to the Page: https://botanyincontext.com/acronyms-abbreviations-f/